Otubo J, Rigo OD, Moura Neto C, Mei PR (2003) Scale up NiTi shape memory alloy produced by EBM. Kabiri Y, Kermanpur A, Forooozmehr A (2012) Comparative study on microstructure and homogeneity of NiTi shape memory alloy produced by copper boat induction melting and conventional vacuum arc remelting. Mater Sci Eng A 438–440:679–682įorooozmehr A, Kermanpur A, Ashrafizadeh F, Kabiri Y (2011) Investigation microstructural evolution during homogenization of the equiatomic NiTi shape memory alloy produced by vacuum arc remelting. Otubo J, Rigo OD, Moura Neto C, Mei PR (2006) The effects of vacum induction melting and electron beam melting techniques on the purity of NiTi shape memory alloys. Haider W, Munroe N, Pulletikurthi C, Singh Gill PK, Amruthaluri S (2009) Comparative biocompatibility analysis of ternary Nitinol alloys. J Biomed Mater Res A 35:451–457ĭutta RS, Mandagopal K, Gadiyar HS, Banerjee S (1993) Biocompatibility of NiTi shape memory alloy. Ryhänen J, Niemi E, Serlo W, Neimelä E, Sandvik P, Pernu H, Salo T (1997) Biocompatibility of nickel-titanium shape memory metal and its corrosion behavior in human cell cultures. Effects of surface finish on the corrosion behavior and in vitro biocompatibility. Acta Biomater 8:2863–2870Įs-Souni M, Es-Souni M, Fischer-Brandies H (2002) On the properties of two binary NiTi shape memory alloys. McMahon RE, Ma J, Verkhoturov SV, Munoz-Pinto D, Karaman I, Rubitschek F, Maier HJ, Hahn MS (2012) A comparative study of the cytotoxicity and corrosion resistance of nickel-titanium and titanium-niobium shape memory alloys. Rondelli G (1996) Corrosion resistance tests on NiTi shape memory alloy. Otsuka K, Ren X (2005) Physical metallurgy of Ti–Ni-based shape memory alloys. Ag-yields are content-dependent, while the Ni:Ti relation is stable, being therefore the melting of NiTiAg SMA better performed by VAR than other melting routes under high vacuum conditions.īuehler WJ, Gilfrich JV, Wiley RC (1963) Effect of low-temperature phase changes in mechanical properties of alloys near composition of TiNi. Being the lower the possible, the remelting steps were optimized to maintain the compromise between chemical composition and compositional homogeneity through the ingot, since the Ag content stabilizes along them, also indicating a limited content possible to be alloyed. The measured chemical composition slightly differs from the nominal due to alloying element loss and the melting reaction thermodynamics. The melting procedure developed involves specific feedstock cares and preparation, melting, and some remelting steps. By alloy design, different Ag content NiTiAg SMA were produced and analyzed on as-cast condition. A special melting procedure by vacuum arc remelting was developed based on chemical and thermal analysis, via EDS, XRF, and DSC, assessing the element loss and ingot homogeneity, respectively. Known for its antibacterial activity, Ag became an alloying element in a search for a functional biomaterial however, the melting appears to hampering the system exploration. The additions of ternary, and even quaternary, elements are intended to change specific properties. NiTi-based shape memory alloys are successful owing to its capacity to cover specific applications unreachable by binary NiTi.
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